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The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Experiencing the event could be direct, but it doesn't have to be. Duration of the disturbance (symptoms in Criteria B, C, and D) is more than 1 month.į. The first criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD listed in the DSM-5 is exposure to one or more traumatic event (s), which is defined as one that involved death or threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury, or actual or threatened sexual violence. Most of the major revisions of the PTSD criteria occurred with DSM-III-R. Persistent symptoms of increased arousal (not present before the trauma), as indicated by two (or more) of the following:Į. The diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have evolved considerably since PTSD was introduced in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III American Psychiatric Association APA, 1980). Sense of a foreshortened future (e.g., does not expect to have a career, marriage, children, or a normal life span)ĭ. Restricted range of affect (e.g., unable to have loving feelings) Markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activitiesįeeling of detachment or estrangement from others Inability to recall an important aspect of the trauma Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma and numbing of general responsiveness (not present before the trauma), as indicated by three (or more) of the following:Įfforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, or conversations associated with the traumaĮfforts to avoid activities, places, or people that arouse recollections of the trauma
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Physiological reactivity on exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic eventĬ. Intense psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event Recurrent distressing dreams of the eventĪcting or feeling as if the traumatic event were recurring (includes a sense of reliving the experience, illusions, hallucinations, and dissociative flashback episodes, including those that occur on awakening or when intoxicated) Recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections of the event, including images, thoughts, or perceptions The traumatic event is persistently reexperienced in one (or more) of the following ways: The person’s response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror.ī. The person experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others. There was a high threshold for any changes in any DSM-IV diagnostic criterion. DSM-5 American Psychiatric Association 2013) was empirically based and rigorous. The person has been exposed to a traumatic event in which both of the following were present: The process that resulted in the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.